Vocabulary

Adaptability: Ability to modify actions in response to changing conditions or constraints.

Affordance: An opportunity for action presented by the environment.

Challenge Point: The level of task difficulty required to optimize learning.

Constraint: Something in the environment, task, or learner that shapes how they move or act.

Constraints-Led Approach: Using environmental, task, and individual constraints to guide learning and performance.

Emergent Behavior: Spontaneous creation of new movement patterns in response to constraints.

Environmental Constraints: External physical and social factors that influence movement possibilities.

Exploratory Learning: Learning through trial, error, and discovery.

Feedback Loops: Processes where outcomes influence future actions or decisions.

Functional Variability: Useful variations in movement that achieve a task goal.

Individual Constraints: Personal attributes like body size and mental state that affect movement and performance.

Interpersonal Coordination: Adjusting one’s movements in response to others.

Motor Learning: The process of acquiring and refining movement skills.

Nonlinear Pedagogy: An instructional approach emphasizing exploration and variability in learning.

Perception-Action Coupling: The connection between perceiving environmental information and executing movement.

Perceptual-Motor Landscape: The field where perception and motor actions converge. There is a range of affordances, and each of them has their own value and meaning. The metaphor of a landscape represents the most attractive affordances as being close, less attractive affordances would be on the horizon, and other affordances that are irrelevant are ignored.

Rate Limiter: A factor that restricts the development or performance of a skill.

Repetition Without Repetition: Practice involves reproducing the desired outcome(s) without exactly reproducing the same movements to reach them every time.

Representative Learning Design: Practice designs that mimic the performance context.

Representativeness: How well training mirrors the challenges of the performance environment.

Self-Organization: The natural tendency of learners to adapt their behavior to the constraints encountered.

Skill Acquisition: Developing new abilities or techniques through practice and experience.

Task Constraints: Specific goals, rules, or equipment that shape how a task is performed.

Variability of Practice: Using different practice conditions to enhance learning over time.